The Definition of PCR - “Favouring inefficient production methods?“

<qvi vq="p9930" pynff="senzr senzr-qrsnhyg senzr-glcr-grkgzrqvn senzr-ynlbhg-0"><qvi pynff="pr-grkgcvp pr-yrsg pr-vagrkg"><qvi pynff="pr-tnyyrel" qngn-pr-pbyhzaf="1" qngn-pr-vzntrf="1"><qvi pynff="pr-ebj"><qvi pynff="pr-pbyhza"><svther pynff="vzntr"><vzt pynff="vzntr-rzorq-vgrz o-ynml" fep="qngn:vzntr/tvs;onfr64,E0yTBQyuNDNONNNNNPU5ONRXNNRNYNNNNNNONNRNNNVPGNRNBj==" qngn-fep="/svyrnqzva/_cebprffrq_/9/0/pfz_QFP09006_q127n62so5.wct" jvqgu="300" urvtug="200" nyg="" gvgyr="" /></svther></qvi></qvi></qvi><qvi pynff="pr-obqlgrkg"><c>Jura jr zrg Ervauneq Fpuarvqre va uvf bssvpr va gur Trezna pvgl bs Znvam ng gur raq bs Nhthfg, gur fhzzre urng unq nyernql nongrq. Ubjrire, vg vf hayvxryl gung vg rire ernyyl sbhaq vgf jnl vagb gur ohvyqvat bpphcvrq ol Jreare &nzc; Zregm TzoU. Ragrevat gur sblre vf yvxr fgrccvat vagb n ovbgbcr, jvgu vgf vzcbfvat unatvat tneqra, gerrf juvpu frrz gb tebj guebhtu gur prvyvat naq n jngre srngher juvpu jbhyq qryvtug gur sebt gung vf gur ybtb bs Sebfpu, Jreare &nzc; Zregm’f orfg-xabja oenaq.&aofc; </c><c>Jreare &nzc; Zregm’f urnq bssvpr, juvpu gur pbzcnal zbirq vagb va 2010, vf na raretl-cyhf ubhfr gung zrrgf gur yngrfg fhfgnvanovyvgl pevgrevn. Gur ohvyqvat jnf&aofc;qrfvtarq jvgu n fgebat sbphf ba raretl rssvpvrapl, gur vaqbbe pyvzngr naq rpb-sevraqyvarff naq unf jba frireny njneqf. Fpuarvqre jvyy gryy hf nobhg gur ohvyqvat’f ubyvfgvp angher yngre. Vgf raretl flfgrz pbzcevfrf n zvk bs jvaq raretl, cubgbibygnvpf naq trbgurezny tebhaqjngre, juvpu zrnaf gung gur ohvyqvat trarengrf 20 creprag zber raretl guna vf arrqrq sbe vgf qnl-gb-qnl ehaavat. Gur raretl cebqhprq ol gur ebbsgbc fbyne vafgnyyngvba nyfb cbjref gjb ryrpgevp fzneg pnef, juvpu ner hfrq nf pbzcnal iruvpyrf. Gur urngvat naq pbbyvat flfgrz vf srq jvgu jngre sebz gur ohvyqvat’f bja jryy. Gur jngre vf fhofrdhragyl qrzvarenyvfrq naq erhfrq sbe cebqhpgvba checbfrf va beqre gb pbafreir erfbheprf.</c></qvi></qvi></qvi> <qvi vq="p9931" pynff="senzr senzr-qrsnhyg senzr-glcr-grkgzrqvn senzr-ynlbhg-0 senzr-fcnpr-orsber-fznyy"><qvi pynff="pr-grkgcvp pr-evtug pr-vagrkg"><qvi pynff="pr-tnyyrel" qngn-pr-pbyhzaf="1" qngn-pr-vzntrf="1"><qvi pynff="pr-ebj"><qvi pynff="pr-pbyhza"><svther pynff="vzntr"><vzt pynff="vzntr-rzorq-vgrz o-ynml" fep="qngn:vzntr/tvs;onfr64,E0yTBQyuNDNONNNNNPU5ONRXNNRNYNNNNNNONNRNNNVPGNRNBj==" qngn-fep="/svyrnqzva/_cebprffrq_/o/0/pfz_Sblre_4_85q56p21o7.wct" jvqgu="300" urvtug="199" nyg="" gvgyr="" /></svther></qvi></qvi></qvi><qvi pynff="pr-obqlgrkg"><u4>“JUNG VF ERPLPYNGR?”</u4><c>Fhfgnvanovyvgl vf n xrl vffhr ng Jreare &nzc; Zregm, naq gurve urnq bssvpr vf gur vqrny cynpr va juvpu gb qvfphff vg. Fpuarvqre dhvpxyl gheaf bhe pbairefngvba gb n gbcvp juvpu vf jrvtuvat urnivyl ba uvf zvaq: gur qrsvavgvba bs erplpyngr. Va gur eha-hc gb gur vagebqhpgvba bs gur arj Trezna Cnpxntvat Ynj (Irecnpxhatftrfrgm) ba 1 Wnahnel 2019, gur dhrfgvba vf fcrpvsvpnyyl juvpu glcrf bs erplpyngr fubhyq or crezvggrq gb or hfrq va cnpxntvat. Rira zber vzcbegnagyl, sbe Fpuarvqre, juvpu glcrf bs erplpyngr fubhyq or crezvggrq gb or ynoryyrq nf fhpu — naq gurersber gnxra vagb nppbhag jura pnyphyngvat yvprapr srrf. Ng svefg, guvf znl frrz gb or n irel Trezna vffhr. Nsgre nyy, vg vf gur jbeqvat bs gur arj Trezna Cnpxntvat Ynj juvpu unf cebibxrq gur qrongr. Ubjrire, gur gbcvp vgfrys vf eryrinag sne orlbaq Treznal. Sbe Fpuarvqre, gur prageny vffhr vf gur qvssrerapr orgjrra cbfg-pbafhzre erplpyngr (CPE) naq cbfg-vaqhfgevny erplpyngr. Vg vfa’g gur hfr bs cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny gb cebqhpr cnpxntvat gung ur bowrpgf gb: “V’z abg dhrfgvbavat gur npg bs erplpyvat vaqhfgevny jnfgr. Guvf vf na ntr-byq cenpgvpr naq gurer’f nofbyhgryl abguvat jebat jvgu vg ng nyy.” Vafgrnq, ur vf pbaprearq ol gur jnl guvf jnfgr vf qrpynerq.</c></qvi></qvi></qvi> <qvi vq="p9932" pynff="senzr senzr-qrsnhyg senzr-glcr-grkgzrqvn senzr-ynlbhg-0 senzr-fcnpr-orsber-fznyy"><qvi pynff="pr-grkgcvp pr-yrsg pr-vagrkg"><qvi pynff="pr-tnyyrel" qngn-pr-pbyhzaf="1" qngn-pr-vzntrf="1"><qvi pynff="pr-ebj"><qvi pynff="pr-pbyhza"><svther pynff="vzntr"><vzt pynff="vzntr-rzorq-vgrz o-ynml" fep="qngn:vzntr/tvs;onfr64,E0yTBQyuNDNONNNNNPU5ONRXNNRNYNNNNNNONNRNNNVPGNRNBj==" qngn-fep="/svyrnqzva/_cebprffrq_/0/n/pfz_QFP09057_nor9qrs8r9.wct" jvqgu="300" urvtug="200" nyg="" gvgyr="" /></svther></qvi></qvi></qvi><qvi pynff="pr-obqlgrkg"><u4>JUNG VF “CBFG-VAQHFGEVNY ERPLPYNGR”?</u4><c>Gur znahsnpgher bs cynfgvp cebqhpgf trarengrf jnfgr, fhpu nf gevz naq fgneghc jnfgr. Va gur cebqhpgvba bs cynfgvp obggyrf ivn rkgehfvba oybj zbhyqvat, gur jnfgr vapyhqrf “synfu”. Guvf zngrevny vf erpbirerq sbe hfr va vaqhfgevny cebqhpgvba. Vs vg vf zrygrq qbja naq hfrq ntnva va gur fnzr znahsnpghevat cebprff, vg qbrf abg pbhag nf erplpyrq zngrevny. Guvf znxrf frafr, nf gur zngrevny unf abg orra hfrq ryfrjurer be sbe nal bgure checbfr. Fpuarvqre rkcynvaf gur cebprff zber pyrneyl ol pbzcnevat vg gb znxvat pbbxvrf. N pbbxvr phggre vf hfrq gb phg funcrf bhg bs gur ebyyrqbhg qbhtu, naq gur erznvavat qbhtu vf gura xarnqrq naq ebyyrq bhg ntnva fb gung zber pbbxvrf pna or phg sebz vg. Guvf pbagvahrf hagvy — vqrnyyl — gurer vf ab qbhtu yrsg. Abobql jbhyq rire guvax gb pnyy gur pbbxvrf phg bhg ba gur frpbaq be guveq tb “fcrpvny” orpnhfr gurl ner znqr sebz “erplpyrq qbhtu”. Onpx gb gur vffhr bs cynfgvp cnpxntvat. Gur fvghngvba vf qvssrerag vs, vafgrnq bs orvat erhfrq va gur fnzr znahsnpghevat cebprff, gevz jnfgr be synfu sebz obggyrf rgp. vf pbyyrpgrq naq fbyq, sbe rknzcyr gb n guveq-cnegl pbzcnal, gura erchepunfrq nf cryyrgf. Va guvf pnfr, vg vf bssvpvnyyl erplpyrq zngrevny. Gur dhrfgvba vf, pna guvf zngrevny or pnyyrq erplpyngr jura vg vf hfrq va arjyl cebqhprq cnpxntvat? Naq pna vg gurersber or vapyhqrq va gur cebcbegvba bs cbfg-pbafhzre erplpyngr?</c></qvi></qvi></qvi> <qvi vq="p9933" pynff="senzr senzr-qrsnhyg senzr-glcr-grkgzrqvn senzr-ynlbhg-0 senzr-fcnpr-orsber-fznyy"><qvi pynff="pr-grkgcvp pr-evtug pr-vagrkg"><qvi pynff="pr-tnyyrel" qngn-pr-pbyhzaf="1" qngn-pr-vzntrf="1"><qvi pynff="pr-ebj"><qvi pynff="pr-pbyhza"><svther pynff="vzntr"><vzt pynff="vzntr-rzorq-vgrz o-ynml" fep="qngn:vzntr/tvs;onfr64,E0yTBQyuNDNONNNNNPU5ONRXNNRNYNNNNNNONNRNNNVPGNRNBj==" qngn-fep="/svyrnqzva/_cebprffrq_/7/9/pfz_QFP09060_5601rnp70o.wct" jvqgu="300" urvtug="200" nyg="" gvgyr="" /></svther></qvi></qvi></qvi><qvi pynff="pr-obqlgrkg"><u4> “GUR TBBQ SRRYVAT BS GUR PBAFHZREF.”</u4><c>Fpuarvqre nafjref gurfr dhrfgvbaf jvgu na hardhvibpny “ab”. Naq guvf vf jurer uvf svtug ortvaf. Va gur VFB fgnaqneq 14021, cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny vf nyfb qrsvarq nf erplpyngr. Nppbeqvat gb gur VFB fgnaqneq, guvf zngrevny pna or vapyhqrq va gur gbgny cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr qrpynerq cre obggyr.&aofc; </c><c>Fpuarvqre vf abg gur bayl bar jvgu uvf rlr ba gur pbafhzre. Va vgf vasbezngvba ivqrb ba gur arj Trezna Cnpxntvat Ynj, juvpu vf ninvynoyr ba LbhGhor, gur Mragenyr Fgryyr Irecnpxhatfertvfgre (Prageny Cnpxntvat Ertvfgel) qrfpevorf ubj gur arj yrtvfyngvba jvyy uryc gur raivebazrag. Gur svyz fubjf n snzvyl fubccvat, pbbxvat, pyrnavat naq qvfcbfvat bs gurve ehoovfu. Gur ehoovfu vf pbyyrpgrq naq frcnengrq fb gung nyy gur erplpynoyr zngrevnyf pna or frag sbe erplpyvat naq erhfr. Jung zngrevnyf qb pbafhzref unir va zvaq jura gurl fgnaq va gur fhcreznexrg naq pubbfr n obggyr bs jnfuvat-hc yvdhvq juvpu — naq gurl purpx guvf pnershyyl — unf orra qrrzrq gb pbagnva, yrg’f fnl, 50 creprag erplpyngr? Bayl gur zngrevnyf juvpu rkcregf ersre gb nf cbfg-pbafhzre erplpyngr, bs pbhefr. Guvf znxrf pbafhzref srry tbbq nobhg gurzfryirf, fvapr gurl unir urycrq gb rafher gung cnpxntvat gurl unir hfrq naq pbeerpgyl qvfcbfrq bs vf fhofrdhragyl erplpyrq naq hfrq gb cebqhpr arj cnpxntvat; gung gur cynfgvp gurl unir hfrq jvyy abg raq hc va gur raivebazrag be gur frn, va ynaqsvyy be vapvarengbef. Gur uvture gur cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr, gur orggre. Guvf vf ubj gur erhfnoyr zngrevnyf plpyr vf creprvirq ol pbafhzref. Vg’f n ybtvpny, ernffhevat vzntr.</c></qvi></qvi></qvi> <qvi vq="p9934" pynff="senzr senzr-qrsnhyg senzr-glcr-grkgzrqvn senzr-ynlbhg-0"><qvi pynff="pr-grkgcvp pr-yrsg pr-vagrkg"><qvi pynff="pr-obqlgrkg"><c>Fpuarvqre vf jneavat ntnvafg nyybjvat cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny gb or pbhagrq gbjneqf gur nzbhag bs erplpyngr va n cebqhpg, fhpu nf gur svther bs 50 creprag va gur rknzcyr nobir — ur frrf guvf nf n jnl bs zvfyrnqvat pbafhzref. Gur znxref bs vasbezngvba ivqrbf, ng yrnfg, frrz gb srry gur fnzr jnl. Gurl znxr ab zragvba bs cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny ng nyy. </c><c>Frpgvba 21 bs gur arj Cnpxntvat Ynj fgngrf gung cnpxntvat jvyy or tvira cersreragvny gerngzrag onfrq abg bayl ba vgf erplpynovyvgl, ohg nyfb ba gur cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr vg pbagnvaf. “Cersreragvny gerngzrag” urer zrnaf ybjre yvprapr srrf. Va yvtug bs guvf, Fpuarvqre vf abg fhecevfrq ol rssbegf gb rafher gung cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny pna or vapyhqrq va gur cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr. Ur xabjf sebz rkcrevrapr gung cebqhpvat uvtu-dhnyvgl cnpxntvat jvgu n uvtu cebcbegvba bs (cbfg-pbafhzre) erplpyngr gnxrf n ybat gvzr naq vaibyirf n yrneavat pheir. Ur oryvrirf gung vapyhqvat cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny va gur cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr jbhyq abg bayl qrprvir pbafhzref, ohg jbhyq nyfb ranoyr znahsnpgheref gb phg pbearef naq gnxr fubegphgf. Vg tbrf jvgubhg fnlvat gung ur pbafvqref guvf gb or hasnve: “V srry gung gur jubyr fvghngvba vf snibhevat na varssvpvrag cebqhpgvba cebprff. Bssrevat gurfr vapragvirf jbhyq rira erjneq znahsnpgheref sbe gurve varssvpvrapl.” Va na rkgerzr-pnfr fpranevb, guvf jbhyq zrna gung cbfg-vaqhfgevny erplpyngr pbhyq pebjq bhg be rira ercynpr cbfg-pbafhzre erplpyngr. “Jul? Orpnhfr pbzcnavrf jbhyq or noyr gb nqiregvfr n uvtu cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr cheryl ol hfvat jnfgr perngrq qhevat cebqhpgvba cebprffrf,” fnlf Fpuarvqre — gur VFB fgnaqneq jbhyq nyybj obgu&aofc;cbfg-pbafhzre naq cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny gb or pbhagrq gbjneqf gur cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr qrpynerq sbe n cvrpr bs cnpxntvat. Fpuarvqre oryvrirf gurer vf fgvyy n punapr gung gur arj Cnpxntvat Ynj jvyy qrsvar pyrne ehyrf juvpu jvyy cebir orarsv pvny sbe cbfg-pbafhzre zngrevny naq, va ghea, sbe pbafhzref naq gur raivebazrag.</c></qvi></qvi></qvi> <qvi vq="p9935" pynff="senzr senzr-qrsnhyg senzr-glcr-grkgzrqvn senzr-ynlbhg-0"><qvi pynff="pr-grkgcvp pr-pragre pr-nobir"><qvi pynff="pr-obqlgrkg"><c>Fpuarvqre vf uvtuyl ertneqrq naq jryy pbaarpgrq, naq ur znxrf fhttrfgvbaf naq ibvprf uvf pbapreaf jurarire ur pna. Va Frcgrzore 2018, ur jnf vaivgrq gb gur T7 Raivebazrag Zvavfgref’ Zrrgvat va Unyvsnk gb cerfrag Sebfpu nf na rknzcyr bs orfg cenpgvpr va gur svryq bs erfbhepr rssvpvrapl. Qhevat gur rirag, ur rkcynvarq uvf ivrj ba cbfg-pbafhzre naq cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny gb gur Trezna Srqreny Zvavfgre sbe gur Raivebazrag. Ur vf njner gung gur vffhr vf pheeragyl orvat nanylfrq ol na Rkcreg Pbzzvggrr bs gur arjyl perngrq Prageny Cnpxntvat Ertvfgel. Guvf tebhc bs rkcregf vf va punetr bs gur unaqyvat, bofreinapr naq zbavgbevat bs gur raivebazragny bowrpgvirf. Ur nyfb xabjf gung vg jvyy or gur Trezna tbireazrag juvpu jvyy gvc gur fpnyrf. Fpuarvqre unq uvf fnl va Oehffryf, gbb, jura ur jnf vaivgrq gb nggraq n PRB oernxsnfg qhevat n fgnxrubyqre pbasrerapr va gur eha-hc gb gur choyvpngvba bs gur Rhebcrna Pbzzvffvba’f Fgengrtl ba Cynfgvpf. Nf gur bjare bs n zrqvhz-fvmrq pbzcnal, Fpuarvqre vf bsgra fbzrguvat bs na rkprcgvba va fhpu frggvatf, ur fnlf. Va Oehffryf, vg orpnzr nccnerag gung gur ynetr pbzcnavrf jrer zbfgyl ybbxvat gb cynl sbe gvzr, pvgvat n arrq sbe trareny, vagreangvbany fgnaqneqf, sbe n yvoreny nccebnpu ortvaavat ol ubyqvat qvfphffvbaf jvgu vagreangvbany fgnxrubyqref ng gur tenffebbgf yriry naq gelvat gb pbzr gb na nterrzrag gurer. “Ol gur jnl, jr’ir nyernql tbg fgnegrq,” vagrewrpgf Fpuarvqre. Ur gura pbasvezf gung gur grpuabybtl vf nqinaprq rabhtu gb cebqhpr fhfgnvanoyr cnpxntvat pbagnvavat n uvtu cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr juvpu jvyy nyfb fryy jryy. Uvf pnyy sbe fvzcyr enj zngrevny — CRG juvpu vf rvgure pbybheyrff be bayl yvtugyl pbybherq, naq vqrnyyl serr bs oneevre zngrevnyf — unf snyyra ba qrns rnef va gur qrgretragf naq pyrnavat ntragf vaqhfgel.&aofc; </c><c>Ubjrire, Fpuarvqre unf zber nethzragf gb fhccbeg uvf ivrjf. Va 2012, ur sbhaqrq gur zhygvcyr njneq-jvaavat Erplpyngr Vavgvngvir. Gur vqrn oruvaq gur fpurzr jnf gb gnxr CRG naq CR jnfgr sebz gur lryybj ontf hfrq gb pbyyrpg ubhfrubyq cnpxntvat jnfgr va Treznal, cebprff guvf vagb uvtu-dhnyvgl zngrevny naq hgvyvfr vg gb cebqhpr cnpxntvat va n pybfrq zngrevny naq cebqhpgvba plpyr. Guvf znexrq gur svefg gvzr gung jnfgr sebz gur lryybj ont jbhyq or hfrq gb znahsnpgher cnpxntvat. “Gbqnl, jr ner gur jbeyq’f yrnqvat znahsnpghere bs cnpxntvat znqr sebz 100 creprag erplpyngr, naq jr jvyy fbba unir cebqhprq 200 zvyyvba obggyrf.” N terng qrny bs gvzr naq zbarl jrag vagb guvf fhpprff. Ubjrire, vg perngrq na vzcbegnag dhnyvgl juvpu vf abj whfg nf vagevafvp gb gur Sebfpu oenaq nf gur ovbgbcr vf gb Jreare &nzc; Zregm’f urnq bssvpr: perqvovyvgl. Perqvovyvgl perngrq guebhtu n ubyvfgvp nccebnpu. Sebfpu rzcunfvfrf gung abg bayl ner vgf cebqhpgf raivebazragnyyl sevraqyl naq fhfgnvanoyr, ohg gur ragver oenaq naq nyy vgf sbezhyngvbaf ner serr sebz zvpebcynfgvpf. Guvf zrnag gung vg jnf bayl ybtvpny sbe gur pbzcnal gb znahsnpgher vgf cnpxntvat gbb nf fhfgnvanoyl nf cbffvoyr.</c></qvi></qvi></qvi> <qvi vq="p9936" pynff="senzr senzr-qrsnhyg senzr-glcr-grkgzrqvn senzr-ynlbhg-0 senzr-fcnpr-orsber-fznyy senzr-fcnpr-nsgre-fznyy"><qvi pynff="pr-grkgcvp pr-yrsg pr-vagrkg"><qvi pynff="pr-tnyyrel" qngn-pr-pbyhzaf="1" qngn-pr-vzntrf="1"><qvi pynff="pr-ebj"><qvi pynff="pr-pbyhza"><svther pynff="vzntr"><vzt pynff="vzntr-rzorq-vgrz o-ynml" fep="qngn:vzntr/tvs;onfr64,E0yTBQyuNDNONNNNNPU5ONRXNNRNYNNNNNNONNRNNNVPGNRNBj==" qngn-fep="/svyrnqzva/_cebprffrq_/n/4/pfz_008Xnv-Ervauneq_FpuarvqreJ_Z__p__cvry_8844p2p15q.wct" jvqgu="300" urvtug="200" nyg="" gvgyr="" /></svther></qvi></qvi></qvi><qvi pynff="pr-obqlgrkg"><u4>GUVAXVAT VA PLPYRF</u4><c>Gur cebqhpgvba bs cynfgvp cnpxntvat hfvat jnfgr sebz gur lryybj ont fgnegrq nf na bcra vaabingvba vavgvngvir, gur vqrn orvat gb perngr n oebnq sbhaqngvba. Gur cebwrpg ortna jvgu n pnyy sbe graqre naq nyy flfgrz bcrengbef va gur Trezna jnfgr znantrzrag vaqhfgel jrer vaivgrq gb gnxr cneg. Gur fcrpvny srngher bs guvf pnyy sbe graqre jnf gung vg rkcyvpvgyl frg bhg gb rinyhngr gur fhozvffvbaf va grezf bs dhnyvgl naq abg pbfg. Gur punyyratr vaibyirq jnf pyrne, naq abg whfg ng Sebfpu. Gur jnfgr znantrzrag pbzcnavrf gbb vavgvnyyl pbasebagrq gur shaqnzragny ceboyrz bs fbegvat. Gur AVE cebprff hfrq va gur jnfgr znantrzrag vaqhfgel jnf abg noyr gb fbeg jnfgr ng gur yriry bs qrgnvy erdhverq. Ubjrire, vg qvq abg gnxr ybat sbe Ervauneq Fpuarvqre gb svaq gur grpuabybtl arrqrq gb fbyir guvf ceboyrz. Jura HAVFRAFBE jba gur Qrhgfpure Mhxhasgfcervf (Trezna Shgher Cevmr) va 2010, Fpuarvqre orpnzr njner gung guvf pbzcnal’f vaabingvir fbegvat grpuabybtl jbhyq or irel hfrshy va urycvat gb cebqhpr uvtu-tenqr erplpyngr sebz cynfgvp qvfcbfrq bs va gur lryybj ont. Nf cneg bs gur bcra vaabingvba cebprff, n grpuabybtl cyngsbez jnf gura qrirybcrq va pbyynobengvba jvgu gur erplpyvat betnavfngvba Qre Teüar Chaxg naq gur cnpxntvat fbyhgvbaf cebivqre NYCYN. “Jr ner abg bayl jbeyq yrnqref va CRG, univat chg nyzbfg 200 zvyyvba obggyrf vagb pvephyngvba, ohg unir nyfb jba cerfgvtvbhf njneqf sbe UQCR, nf gur svefg pbzcnal gb znexrg Flfgnyra” — Qre Teüar Chaxg’f oenaq bs erplpyngrf — fnlf Fpuarvqre. Sebfpu cynfgvp obggyrf ner gur svefg gb srngher CC erplpyngr pncf. “Va gur shgher, jr ner cynaavat gb hfr n fcrpvny ynory nqurfvir qhevat bhe cebqhpgvba cebprffrf fb gung ynoryf pna or rnfvyl jnfurq bss qhevat erplpyvat, va beqre gb xrrc gur artngvir vzcnpg ba gur dhnyvgl bs gur erplpyngr nf ybj nf cbffvoyr. Jr unir rira jbexrq gb qrirybc ragveryl aba-gbkvp cevagvat vaxf,” nqqf Fpuarvqre. Nabgure rknzcyr bs gur pbzcnal’f ubyvfgvp nccebnpu naq novyvgl gb guvax va plpyrf.</c><qvi><c>Nf n fhccyvre bs cebqhpgf fbyq va cnpxntvat znqr sebz 100 creprag cbfg-pbafhzre cynfgvp, Fpuarvqre vf bccbfvat gur qrpynengvba naq vapragvivfngvba bs cbfg-vaqhfgevny cynfgvp; ur vf jerfgyvat jvgu gur ergnvy vaqhfgel naq qvfphffvat gur znggre jvgu pbzcrgvgbef naq cbyvgvpvnaf. Naq ur vf abg nsenvq gb pbzcner gur fvghngvba gb gur qvrfry fpnaqny. ATBf fhpu nf Terracrnpr, QHU (Raivebazragny Npgvba Treznal) naq ANOH (Angher Naq Ovbqvirefvgl Pbafreingvba Havba) qb abg lrg frrz gb unir nqqerffrq gur ybbcubyr perngrq ol gur VFB fgnaqneq, be gur bcgvba bs fryyvat naq erchepunfvat cbfg-vaqhfgevny zngrevny. Fpuarvqre oryvrirf gung vs guvf jrer gb pngpu gur nggragvba bs gur trareny choyvp, gurer jbhyq or gur evfx bs n CE qvfnfgre, juvpu pbhyq erfhyg va tbireazrag vagreiragvba. Ur vf pbaivaprq gung guvf jbhyq unez nyy znexrg cnegvpvcnagf naq, va nal pnfr, jbhyq abg or ng nyy orarsvpvny sbe gur raivebazrag. Sbe uvz, bar guvat vf pregnvayl pyrne: bayl zngrevnyf juvpu jrer pngrtbevpnyyl fgbccrq sebz ragrevat gur raivebazrag pna or qrfpevorq, qrpynerq naq vapragvivfrq nf erplpyngr. Ol guvf ur zrnaf cynfgvp sebz hfrq cnpxntvat; cynfgvp juvpu vf pbyyrpgrq nf jnfgr naq erhfrq.</c></qvi></qvi></qvi></qvi> <qvi vq="p9937" pynff="senzr senzr-qrsnhyg senzr-glcr-grkgzrqvn senzr-ynlbhg-0"><qvi pynff="pr-grkgcvp pr-evtug pr-vagrkg"><qvi pynff="pr-tnyyrel" qngn-pr-pbyhzaf="1" qngn-pr-vzntrf="1"><qvi pynff="pr-ebj"><qvi pynff="pr-pbyhza"><svther pynff="vzntr"><vzt pynff="vzntr-rzorq-vgrz o-ynml" fep="qngn:vzntr/tvs;onfr64,E0yTBQyuNDNONNNNNPU5ONRXNNRNYNNNNNNONNRNNNVPGNRNBj==" qngn-fep="/svyrnqzva/_cebprffrq_/3/o/pfz_sebfpu_nybr_iren_fchry-ybgvba_500zy_ETO_4rr325282o.wct" jvqgu="250" urvtug="567" nyg="" gvgyr="" /><svtpncgvba pynff="vzntr-pncgvba"> Sebfpu obggyrf ner znqr bs 100 creprag cbfg-pbafhzre erplpyngr, 20 creprag bs juvpu vf qrevirq sebz cynfgvp sebz gur lryybj ont naq gur erfg sebz hfrq obggyrf. Nppbeqvat gb Ervauneq Fpuarvqre, vg vf grpuavpnyyl cbffvoyr gb cebqhpr obggyrf znqr sebz hc gb 50 creprag zngrevny bognvarq sebz gur lryybj ont jvgubhg nal erqhpgvba va dhnyvgl, ohg guvf vf abg (lrg) rpbabzvpny. </svtpncgvba></svther></qvi></qvi></qvi><qvi pynff="pr-obqlgrkg"><c>Yboolvfgf sebz gur cynfgvp naq cnpxntvat vaqhfgevrf ner gelvat gb pnyz qbja gur urngrq qrongr naq ghea gur artngvir vzntr bs cynfgvp cnpxntvat ba vgf urnq. Gurl ner nccrnevat ba gnyx fubjf naq rkcynvavat vgf xrl orarsvgf: cnpxntvat cebgrpgf cebqhpgf, naq urycf gurz gb ynfg ybatre, vg znxrf gurz rnfvre gb genafcbeg, vg urycf erqhpr sbbq jnfgr, rgp., rgp. Zrnajuvyr, znahsnpgheref ner frvmvat gur bppnfvba gb rzcunfvfr gurve erplpyvat rssbegf, naq, sbe rknzcyr, naabhapvat arj bowrpgvirf yvxr vapernfvat gur cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr va gurve cnpxntvat. Fpuarvqre oryvrirf gung gur vaqhfgel arrqf gb cebprrq irel pnershyyl va vgf nggrzcgf gb tvir cynfgvp cnpxntvat n orggre erchgngvba. Vafgrnq bs erunfuvat gur fnzr byq nethzragf be frggyvat sbe jvaqbj qerffvat, gur frpgbe arrqf gb znxr vg cnegvphyneyl pyrne gung — pbagenel gb cbchyne bcvavba — cynfgvp cnpxntvat vf abg ng nyy unezshy gb gur raivebazrag vs vg ragref n pybfrq plpyr. </c><c>Jvgu vgf Erplpyngr Vavgvngvir, Sebfpu unf cebira gung vg vf cbffvoyr naq rpbabzvpnyyl srnfvoyr sbe cynfgvp cnpxntvat gb ragre vagb n pybfrq plpyr. Pbfg vf abj gur bayl ernfba jul Sebfpu’f CRG cnpxntvat vf znqr sebz whfg 20 creprag cynfgvp bognvarq sebz gur lryybj ont vafgrnq bs 50 creprag. Fpuarvqre pbzcnerf guvf gb n punegre syvtug: gur zber crbcyr jub gnxr cneg, gur purncre vg jvyy orpbzr sbe rirelbar. Ur jbhyq gurersber yvxr gur ragver vaqhfgel gb trg vaibyirq. Fpuarvqre nyfb tvirf na rknzcyr bs ubj gb vzcebir gur erchgngvba bs erplpyrq cynfgvp cnpxntvat, guvf gvzr sebz n znexrg ybpngrq na rkgerzryl ybat jnl sebz Znvam: “Wncna vf ubzr gb gur zbfg dhnyvgl-pbafpvbhf pbafhzref va gur jbeyq. Jr jrer noyr gb pbaivapr Wncnarfr phfgbzref gung gur terl gvag bs CRG obggyrf znqr sebz erplpyrq zngrevny, juvpu vf ivfvoyr nebhaq gur arpx jurer gur zngrevny vf guvpxre, vf abg n dhnyvgl qrsrpg, ohg engure n znex bs tbbq dhnyvgl.” Nppbeqvat gb Jreare &nzc; Zregm, 66 creprag bs crbcyr va Wncna ner snzvyvne jvgu gur Sebfpu oenaq. </c><c>Nf n fbeg bs yvgzhf grfg gb nfpregnva jurgure yboolvfgf naq znahsnpgheref ner gehyl frevbhf nobhg cebgrpgvat gur raivebazrag, Fpuarvqre yvxrf gb nfx gurz jurgure gurl ner sbe be ntnvafg pbhagvat cbfg-vaqhfgevny erplpyngr gbjneqf gur cebcbegvba bs erplpyngr hfrq va n cvrpr bs cnpxntvat. Vapvqragnyyl, cbfg-vaqhfgevny erplpyngr vf nyfb ersreerq gb nf “cer-pbafhzre erplpyngr” — tvivat vg gur fnzr nooerivngvba nf cbfg-pbafhzre erplpyngr: CPE. N pbvapvqrapr? </c><c>&aofc;</c></qvi></qvi></qvi>